Children departing the streets of the 20th century in three countries: United States of America, Australia, and Brazil
Abstract
Children are departing public spaces due to urban transformations in the 20th century and the symbolic understanding that they are hazardous. Such process was fostered by urban projects that sought to adapt cities for the proper traffic flow, and organize children’s routines, in particular, their mandatory and formal education. We present three cases which reveal how distinct urban projects are associated with the appreciation of childhood and their education in the United States of America, Australia and Brazil. Private vehicle utilization in driving children back and forth to school meant that families are responsible for this itinerary, thus contributing to the argument that they should be moved off the streets and be taken to specific spaces. Educational campaigns were developed in order to instruct children, who are now pedestrians and passengers, on how to act reasonably within public spaces and, at the same time, project them to be future adult drivers. This study highlights the relation between those urban projects and the expansion of children schooling.
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